Improvement in apparatus for decorticating, separating



s Sheets-Sheet 1.

} A.J.GLAS.- APPARATUS FOR. DEGORTIGATING, SEPARATING, AND DRYING GRAIN.

No. 107,480. Patentedfiep't. 20, "1870.

I 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I ,A. J. GL'AS. A APPARATUS FOR DEGORTIGATING, SEPARATING, AND. DRYINGGRAIN.

1%.. 107,480. Patented Sept. 20, 1.870.

hour? an THE Mamas Pflzns co. momuma. WASHINGTON, D. c.

3 Shets-Shee-t 3.

v A. J. GLAS. APPARATUS FOR DEGORTIGATING, SEPARAT ING, AND DRYINGGRAIN.

Patented Sept. 20, 1870.

THE NORRIS FUERS cc, Pnoro-Lrma. wAsmNurDN n. c.

' innit-ml swat pa e dtliiiitr.

ANTON JOSEPH GLAS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

Letters Patent No. 107,480, dated fltptember 20,1870; patented in-England, December .1 7, 1869.

' IMPROVEMENT 11v APPARATUS ron nncoR'rIcA'rmG, SEPARATIINGQ, AND,DRYING- GRAIN, 8w. or

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent'and making part 0! thesame I, ANTOF-OSEPH GLAS, of Bedford street, Strand, London, in thecounty of Middiesex, Great Britain, a

subject of the king of- Bavaria, Germany,'have in-J rented a newMode-ofi'and Apparatus for Decorticating, Separatingthe Germ, and DryingWheat or o er Grain. of which the following is a specification.

The nature of this invention relates to certain new methods ofdecorticating, separating :the germ, and

great rubbing friction is set up among the grain bythe combinedaction ofknives, and the pressure of an Arohimedean screw, which are made torotate slowly in the opposite direction to each other, so that the do;corticatioii, as well as theseparation of the germ from wln ator othergrain, is eii'ected by the mere frictional contact among theparticles."themselves, without 'in the least degree injuring or cuttingthe inner kernel.

The grain, after being treated as above, is subjected to the action ofthe heaters. These heaters give arapid whirling motion to the grain,which produces the final finish, at thejsame time, the husks and germsare, during this operation, thrown out through the perforatedapparat-us. v f

- Next, I admit the grain into the fan-elevator, which throws-it up intothe hopper, where the grain is made to pass through currents of air, inorder to separate from it all the husks or other extraneous matters,should any such still be mixed with the grain; also, to separate thegrain into two or more dili'erent sorts, as may be desirable.

During these, operationsth6.. 1lying of the grain is effected to thefullextent 'witho'u-t any other artificial means.

Description of the Accompanying Drawing.

Figure 1- is a sectional perspective of so much of my invention as isincluded in this patent.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, taken at A B.

Figure 3 is a cross-section, taken at Q D.

Figure 4 is a section of another arrangement ot'lccd apparatus.

Figure 5 is a section, taken at the collar of the feed apparatus.

Figure 6 is a section,-tuken at the'collar c';

Figure 7 isascction, taken at the discharge-collar m;

This invention relates to certain new methods of de-' crn'ticating,separating the germ, and'drying wheat or other grain.

Thegrain' may,"ac cording to these plans, he treated in eith'rthe dry orwet state, the latter being preferred.

In the first instance, I place the. dry grain in a wiregauze cylinder,a, of an improved construction, in or- :der to se arate from it thedust, stones, straws, or other foreign matters with which it may bemixed,

and, after having passed it through this cylinder (1, I

subject the grain tothe action of currents of air, a,

produced by the fan :v, so as to separate all'the lighter matters whichmeet the same size as thegrain, and which cannot easily be separatedfrom it by any other means. i I

. N ext, if the grain is to be moistened, I submit it to the wettingprocess, this being eifected by admitting to the grain suliicient water,by the pipe z, to moisten it to the desired extent, and by subjecting itto the action of an Archimcdean screw, 1), combined with stirr'crs b. Bythoscmeans the grain is kept i11 mo tion, and is moistened uniformly 'atall parts, while the water which is notab'so'rbe'd by it is allowed toescape through the perforated trough '0, before the grain has passedcompletely througlrthe moisteuing apparatus.

' When-the gl'ailrllas gone tnrough these operations, I

tion of which may vary considerablyin detail, so long as the mode ofaction, hereinafter described, is ad.- hered to. For instance, onearrangement of this apparatus, which I propose,-is shown in theaccompanying drawing, ,where (I, at figs. l and 2, is a horizontalhollow shaft, provided with knives d, which are set round it atconvenient intervals, and in a helicai line, or nearly so. This shaft1?, with its knives d, is surrounded by a cylinder, 0, which'is providedwith knives e, projecting from its inner suriace, so as to form ahelical line, havinga contrary pitch to that followed bythe knives d onthe shaft first mentioned. This cylinder cis provided, at what I maycall its hind-' most end, with a feed-pipe, f, for supplying it withgrain, this pipe f communicating with a collar, f, which surrounds thecylinder c,and covers the holes 0 in the latter, through which thegrain, previously moistened, as above described, is fed into thecylinder 0, at a regulated rate, as it comes from themoisteningapparatus.

The grain, on entering the cylinder-c, is forced forward toward theknives d and e by means of a short Archimedean'scrcw, 1j, at thehindmost end of the,

- directiontothat-of the cylinders. Thusfiuthisarrangcknives, the grainhas aprogressive' motion imparted to' it, which carries it toward theforemost end of the apparatus, where, according to the arrangement 1 amnow describing, itis discharged into an annular space, 7|, surroundingthe cylinder 0 already mentioned.

Here the method of treatment above explained is repeated, but with lessstirring action, a fresh supply of water being added by the pipe 0"fixed-on the collar h, as shown at fig. 5, .if necessary. Here the grainis acted upon only by the knives 1', which project from the outersurfaceot' the cylinder 0, through which it was previously passed. Thislatter cylinder 0 is itself surrounded by a perforated sheet-ironcylinder, j, the annular space It betwcenthe two cylinders being that towhich I have already referred.

The outer cylinder j is closed at both ends, and is fixed at theforemost end on the shaft 11, so that it revolves in the oppositedirection to the inner cylinder c,-whichearries the knives c and ti lThe grain discharged from the inner cylinder is, by means ofa' shortArchimedean screw, 7.", fixed on the exterior of the cylinder 0, forcedinto the annular space It between the two cylinders, and is made totraverse this spacetoward the hindmost end of the apparatus, beingsubjected oh its way'to the action of the knives t projecting fromtheexterior of the inner cylinder 0. These knives give rise to greatrubbing action between the particles, which completes the decortieatingoperation.

During the time the gram is traversing the annularspace 7i-, the huskswill, to a great extent, be discharged t-hrough the perforations in theouter cylinderj. When the grain reaches the hindmost end of the annularspace, it is discharged through holes I in the circumference of theouter cylinder into another apparatus, H, which is connected by acollar, m, to that already described and shown at fig. 6. 'The apparatusH, which now receives the grain, consists of a; perforated sheet-ironcylinder, 11, set horizontally, this cylinder being traversed by ashaft, 0, having arms 0, which support iron bars covered with Indiarubber, 12, and bent into a helical line of that pitch and made totraverse, with those thrown out of the decortieat-or by the threads q,around the cylinder at to the hindmost end of the apparatus, while thedrying of the grain'is also effected during the time it passes theseoperations, without any other artificial means.

After the grain'has passed through the operations above described, andis completely decortieated, as well as free from husks, I admit it int-0the fan-e1evator 1', which throws the grain up through the spout r' intothe hopper s, where it 1. subjected to the action of a number ofcurrents of air, 8, which are produced by the fan as, so'as to separatethe grain into two or more different sorts, as may be desirable,according to its qualities, and, at the same time, all the husks orother extraneous matters, should any such still be mixed with thegrain,will be separated.

Fig.4 shows, in section, another arrangement of feed apparatus, in whichone or more disks are applied,

as shown, to'prevent the grain from moving round with the Archimedeauscrew y, when the resistance to the grain being forced forward is great.This apparatus will enable the deeortieator to be fed under an V desiredhead-pressure, and at any desired rat-c.

.Having thus explaiued'the nature of my invention, I do not claim thewhole arrangement of this machine, as some parts, are well known to theart.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of the cylinder c with theArehimedean screw it and its knives c and 'i.

2. The combination of the Archimedea'n screw g with the disk 1 in themanner described.

3. In combination with the wetting stirrer b b, the decorticatingcylinders (Z 0, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with the cylinder (1', provided with the screw g andknives d, the cylinder 6, provided with knives e z and the screw Ir, andthe perforated jacket cylinder 7. p

ANTON JOSEPH GLAS.

\Vitnesses WILLIAM HENRY Maw.

James Dnnnca.

